During the Late Neolithic the territory of the present - day province Oltenia witnesses a cultural diversity. The area has an abundant hydrographic basin which will play an important role in the dynamic of the Neolithic people situated in the southern part of the Carpathians. The western part of Oltenia, from the area of Cazane, is inhabitated by the community of Vinča people situated in the evolutive phase C (the settlements from Almajel, Valea Anilor, Ostrovul Mare). The stratigraphic scheme of the settlements shows a continuity of Sălcuţa type (the IIIrd evolutive phase).
Between the Jiu and the Olt a complex cultural dispay can be registered, one can notice settlements belonging to Vădastra (first evolutive phase surpasses the Olt, in the second phase is restricted only between the two streams), Dudeşti(date elements from the area of the Jiu flowing into the Danube), BoianV (penetrations in the left side of the Olt), Gumelniţa B. The presence of the populations belonging to Gumelniţa in the Olt area which were in the Late phase is under the influence of the Stepic people of Cernavodă type. There are fragments of pottery with pounded shell in the paste and decoration realized by using the cord in settlements like Vădastra, Sălcuţa, Ostrovul Corbului, Drăgăneşti Olt.
As a result of these mixing procedures the Eneolithic culture Sălcuţa appears and spreads in Banat which has connections with Bubanj and Krivodol cultures. During Eneolithic period these people will connect the southern part with the interior of the Carparhians playing the role of a filter.
